Famen Temple - PEM Fastener Manufacturer - CNC Machining Parts Manufacturer
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History One theory supported by unearthed eaves tiles and carved bricks of Han Dynasty is that the temple was built during the Northern Zhou Dynasty by Emperor Huan and also by Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty The literature record indicates that during Northern Wei Dynasty Famen Temple already existed on a quite large scale However Buddhism was greatly suppressed in Emperor Wu s years of Northern Zhou Dynasty and Famen Temple was almost completely destroyed After establishment of Sui Dynasty Buddhism was venerated and Famen Temple was rebuilt although it couldn t be recovered to its heyday in Northern Wei Dynasty Its name was changed to Cheng Shi Dao Chang and soon it merged with nearby Baochang Temple and became a temple owned farm Famen Temple entered its halcyon days after formation of the Tang Dynasty Wude 1st year 618 Tang Dynasty it was named Famen Temple and monks were recruited next year Later the temple took in homeless people from chaos caused by the war at the end of Sui Dynasty and was unfortunately burnt It was rebuilt later by the effort of monks In Zhenguan 5th year 631 a man named Zhang Liang was appointed to demolish Wangyun Palace to build the pagoda It was rebuilt in Gaozong Xianqing 5th year 660 and appeared to be a four storied pavilion like pagoda It was named later by Tang Zhongzong True Relic Pagoda Tang Zhongzong actively advocated Buddhism and along with Empress Wei buried their hairs under the pagoda unearthed in autumn 1978 Jinglong 4th year 710 the temple was renamed Grand Empire Carefree King Temple and the pagoda Grand True Relic Pagoda In Wenzong Kaicheng 3rd year AD 838 it was renamed Fayun Temple but soon was changed back to Famen Temple When Buddhism was suppressed in Huichang year of Wuzong Famen Temple was affected In Yizong s years it held the last activity of Buddha relic acquisition in Tang Dynasty At that time Famen Temple was rebuilt and its underground palace has never been altered since then The emperors of Tang Dynasty acquired Buddha relic 7 t! imes her e and every time donated generously which facilitated the expansion of the temple and pagoda After being built and renovated multiple times Famen Temple evolved into a scale of 24 courtyards During Five Empires period the king of Qin Li Maozhen spent more than 30 years greatly renovating Famen Temple In Houzhou Zhizong s year Buddhism was restricted but Famen Temple was not abandoned After establishment of North Song Dynasty Famen Temple was revived again After being renovated many times in Da an 2nd year Jin Dynasty it was claimed to be Temple and Pagoda against Heaven During Longqing s years 1567 1572 Ming Dynasty Famen Temple was greatly destroyed in Guanzhong earthquake and the wood pagoda built in Tang Dynasty collapsed In Wanli 7th year 1579 the True Relic Pagoda was rebuilt and became 13 storied brick mimic timber structured pavilion like pagoda During Qing Dynasty Famen Temple was renovated in Shunzhi 12th year 1655 Qianlong 34th year 1769 and Guangxu 10th year 1884 In Tongzhi 1st year 1862 the temple was damaged in Huimin Uprising in Shaanxi Province It s rebuilt later but scale shrank a lot After formation of the Republic of China Famen Temple was used to station army continuously and it was largely ruined Because of natural and man made calamities and the masses living in dire poverty North China Philanthropy Association decided to rebuild the temple and pagoda and use labor work as methods to relieve the distress The reconstruction started in 1938 and concluded in July 1940 A month later the Buddhist activities were restored After the establishment of the People s Republic of China Famen Temple was among the first key protected historical relics of the province However the properties of the temple were still appropriated for public uses such like schools in Famen town During Cultural Revolution the Red Guard damaged temple halls and Buddhist figures under the name of breaking four old fashions The abbot Liangqing monk incinerated himself in front of the True Relic Pagoda in order to protect t! emple s underground palace When the palace was unearthed later the relic of self immolation could still be seen Other monks were either demobilized or killed The temple became the temporary headquarter of proletariat rebellion of Fufeng County After 1979 Shaanxi province government once funded reconstruction of the Grand Hall of the Great Sage and the Brass Buddha Pavilion At 1 57am of 4 August 1981 half side wall of True Relic Pagoda collapsed in the heavy rain This incident drew universal attention In 1984 the government implemented religious policy and handed Famen Temple to Buddhist community In 1985 Shaanxi province government decided to pull down the remaining half side wall and rebuild the True Relic Pagoda On 3 April 1987 the underground palace of True Relic Pagoda in Famen Temple was opened and a large quantities of precious historical relics were unearthed This was quite a hit in news at that time The expansion of the temple and the reconstruction of the pagoda were completed in October 1988 On 9 November of the same year the Famen Temple Museum was opened Recent History In May of 2009 the Shaanxi government finished constructing the first phase of a much larger complex encompassing the Famen Temple With an area of 150 areas the new Famen Temple Cultural Scenic Area added 150 acres to the temple complex The most obvious feature of the new complex is the 148m Namaste Dagoba stupa and vault see below Architecture Famen Temple Pagoda Famen Temple currently maintains such a layout as Grand Hall following Pagoda The True Relic Pagoda is regarded as the middle axle of the temple Before it stand the Front Gate the Front Hall and behind it is the Grand Hall of Great Sage This is the typical layout of the early Buddhist temples in China The True Relic Pagoda has been altered several times It evolved from four storied pavilion like pagoda in Tang Dynasty to thirteen storied brick pagoda in Ming Dynasty The current version was rebuilt based on the surveyed drawing of the pagoda in Ming Dynasty before it collapsed! It is m ade of armored concrete as skeleton and then covered by grey bricks Inside the pagoda there are sightseeing platforms for tourists The underground palace was restored to the structure of Tang Dynasty Only few severely damaged parts were replaced The whole palace was built by white marbles and limestone tablets Inner walls and stony gate are all engraved During the renovation of the underground palace a circular basement was built surrounding the Tang palace and Buddhist shrines were included The preserved Buddhist finger relic rests at the center of the underground palace The western division of the temple is Famen Temple Museum including multi functioning reception hall treasure hall and other buildings Relics Buddha s relics From 5 12 May 1987 after the opening of underground palace four relics claimed to be directly related to Buddha were found Two of these were made of white jade The third relic was from a famous monk These three are called ghost relics They were placed together with a true relic in order to protect them The true relic was yellow colored with bone like secretory granules It was declared by experts to be a the finger bone of the Sakyamuni Buddha citation needed Thereafter Famen Temple became Buddhist place of pilgimage due to the discovery of what is claimed as a true relic of Buddha The finger bone was preserved in the last of eight boxes each enclosing the others each wrapped in thin silk The outer box was in sandalwood and had rotted away but the smaller boxes were in gold some in silver and one in jade and were in a good state of preservation Each box had a silver lock and was exquisitely carved Gold amp Silver Relics The underground alace is now a museum and contains some outstanding relics One of the best preserved is a gilt silver tea set said to be one of the earliest royal tea sets ever discovered It includes a tea caddy woven out of metallic yarn a gilt silver tortoise shaped tea box a tea roller grinder and a silver stove for brewing the tea As a part of the set a kind of c! ontainer for mixing tea called a Tiao Da Zi was used for tea mixing and drinking since in ancient China the tea drinking ceremony was treated to some extent just like a meal First tea was put into the container and spices added Some boiled water was used to mix the tea into paste and them more hot water was added to make it into drinkable tea In addition there is a magnificent silver gilded incense burner on display as well as a silver gold decorated sandalwood burner This consists of a burner cover stack feet and other parts The bottom rim of the cover is decorated with a circle of lotus petals patterns and the upper part is carved with five lotuses and enlaced tendrils On each lotus lies a tortoise with its head turned back holding flowers in its mouth The burner has five feet in the shape of beasts the front parts of which are in the shape of unicorns The inscription on the burner indicates that it was made in 869 AD by an imperial workshop specialized in fabricating gold and silver ware for the imperial family A tortoise shaped gold plated container with silver inlays is on display in the museum the cover of which carved with turtle shell and brocade patterns The container is 13cm high 28 3cm long 15cm wide In addition there is a set of five gilded silver plates of exquisite workmanship believed to date from the Tang dynasty A magnificent set of mini sized costumes specially fabricated for the Bodhisattva can be seen the most typical being a half sleeved blouse 6 5cm in length with 4 1cm long sleeves This modelled on a typical short sleeved blouse worn by ladies in the Tang Dynasty and is made in the style of what the Chinese call Gold Couching Embroidery and is top grade crinkledembroidery made by embroidering with gold threads The blouse was worn drooped to the chest and has buttons down the front with the collar and sleeve rims decorated with patterns embroidered with twisted gold threads The average diameter of the gold threads is 0 1mm with the thinnest segment as thin as 0 06mm which is ! thinner than a hair Moreover one meter of gold thread is developed from 3 000 circles of gold foil which is hard to achieve even in modern times characterized by high technology In particular loop edges of the gold threads make the fabric seem like a painting and are arranged to display gradually changing colours The garment is obviously made by a master hand and can be rated as an unsurpassed piece of embroidery Also on display are 121 gold and silver articles 17 glass articles 16 pieces of olive green porcelain more than 700 pieces of silk fabrics 104 Buddhist figurines hundreds of volumes of Buddhist scripture Colored Glaze Colored Glaze is just today s glass Chinese glass manufacturing technology was long influenced by western Asia and most common style was Islamic Because of it rarity glass apparatus was as valuable as gold and jade The unearthed glass apparatuses are mostly hollowware such as disks plates and bowls totally over 20 pieces Ceramics There were a lot of speculations of Mystic Color Ceramics prior to the opening of underground palace Someone thought mystic color referred to a secret craft of glazing color Others believed it was a name for a specific color This conundrum was solved by the description on the accounting tablet in the underground palace and by the unearthing of 13 precious pieces of mystic color ceramics Silk China s silk industry reached its prime time in Tang Dynasty and the silk fabrics discovered in underground palace provided a convincing evidence Most of those fabrics were contributed by former Empresses Among them there is a Empress Wu s Embroidered Skirt belonging to Wu Zetian Figure of Buddha There were 88 niches of Buddha in the 13 storied pagoda in Ming Dynasty each containing a figure By 1939 there were only 68 left Later after clear up there were totally 98 figures of Buddha many containing scriptures sealed at the times of Ming Dynasty and the Republic of China Namaste Dagoba The Dagoba is designed by Taibei 101 architect C Y Lee With the height of a 35 story building! 148m th e Namaste Dagoba is likely yet unverified the tallest Buddhist stupa in the world The Dagoba was designed to not only be a place of worship but to house the relics unearthed from the Famen pagoda External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Famen Temple Famen Temple Official Site In Chinese but with pictures Categories Buddhist temples in China Xi anHidden categories All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from May 2008 Shaanxi articles missing geocoordinate data All articles needing coordinates
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